The invalid_number exception is an predefined exception of PL/SQL language and catch error when pl/sql program try to insert or update non numeric values in a database number column.
Invalid_number example
create table x_table(x_col number);
table X_TABLE created.
declare
begin
insert into x_table (x_col) values ('aaa');
--insert into x_table (x_col) values (10);
exception
when invalid_number then
dbms_output.put_line('INVALID_NUMBER: '||sqlerrm);
end;
Output:
INVALID_NUMBER: ORA-01722: invalid number